Vers des stratégies de plaidoyer structurel : une étude sur le processus de plaidoyer chez les infirmières en santé communautaire
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25071/2291-5796.151Keywords:
advocacy, Community Health Nursing, Critical Public Health Nursing, Health Equity, Social JusticeAbstract
In order to reduce social inequities in health, nurses need to move from patient advocacy to policy advocacy. Literature reports many barriers when nurses try to address the structural level of policy advocacy. Very little empirical research exists to show how nurses respond to these barriers and the resulting impact on the effectiveness of policy advocacy. This study characterized the types and the process of advocacy practiced by community health nurses. A collaborative ethnography with 21 nurses showed that their policy advocacy was often dismissed, leading to negative consequences such as less policy advocacy attempts, changes in their clinical evaluation with patients and personal experiences of moral distress. We argue that structural change will only occur when collective advocacy will be supported by organizations, therefore reducing inequities that affect both community health and working conditions of nurses.
Afin de réduire les iniquités sociales de santé, les infirmières doivent dépasser le plaidoyer axé sur les individus en investissant des stratégies de plaidoyer ciblant les structures et les politiques. Dans cet article, nous soutenons que de ne pas exercer de plaidoyer structurel peut amener des conséquences néfastes pour les infirmières elles-mêmes et les communautés qu’elles desservent. Cette étude caractérise les types et le processus de plaidoyer exercés par les infirmières en santé communautaire. Une ethnographie collaborative avec 21 infirmières montre que leurs tentatives de plaidoyer structurel étaient ignorées, décourageant les tentatives futures, entraînant des changements dans leur évaluation clinique et des expériences de détresse morale. Nous argumentons que le changement structurel surviendra seulement lorsque les stratégies de plaidoyer seront collectivisées et soutenues par les organisations de santé, réduisant ainsi les iniquités affectant à la fois la santé communautaire et les conditions de travail des infirmières.
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